Corporate Law

Commercial and Corporate Law is the branch of law that regulates commercial enterprises, companies and commercial activities. It regulates commercial relations and the establishment, management and termination processes of companies within the framework of relevant legislation, primarily the Turkish Commercial Code (TTK).

Subjects Within the Scope of Commercial and Corporate Law

1. Commercial Law

• Commercial Enterprises: Topics such as the definition, transfer, merger and division of a commercial enterprise.
• Distinction between Merchant and Tradesman: Who is considered a merchant, the differences between tradesmen and merchants.
• Commercial Contracts: Commercial agreements such as sales, transportation, credit, insurance, distributorship.
• Unfair Competition and Competition Law: Behaviors and sanctions contrary to commercial competition rules.
• Commercial Books and Recording System: Books and accounting records that merchants are required to keep.
• Trade Name and Trademark Law: Protection and use of trade names and brands.

2. Corporate Law

• Types of Companies and Their Establishment:
  • Sole Proprietorships: Ordinary partnership, collective company, limited partnership.
  • Capital Companies: Joint stock company (A.Ş.), limited company (LTD. ŞTİ.), limited partnership company with capital divided into shares.
• Management and Bodies of Companies:

  3. Bankruptcy and Composition Law

  • Administrative bodies such as general assembly, board of directors, board of directors.
  • Responsibilities of partners and managers.
    • Company Agreements: Agreements between partners, articles of association arrangements.
    • Company Mergers, Divisions and Transfers: Merger, acquisition and division processes of companies.
    • Dissolution and Liquidation of Companies: Closure of companies, bankruptcy process and liquidation procedures.
    • Bankruptcy Law: Bankruptcy processes in case companies cannot pay their debts.
    • Composition: Restructuring of debts of companies that cannot pay their debts by reaching an agreement with creditors without going bankrupt.

Conclusion

Commercial and Corporate Law is a field that draws the basic legal framework of the business world. It regulates all processes from the establishment of businesses to their liquidation, and determines the rights and obligations of companies. In particular, issues such as corporate partnerships, contracts, competition law, bankruptcy and composition are the most important areas of this law.